West Coast EMT Block One Exam

In your initial assessment, what is the priority when encountering an unconscious patient?

1. Prioritize airway management

2. Check for circulatory stability

3. Ensure privacy and comfort

4. Conduct neurological assessments

The correct answer is: Prioritize airway management

In the context of encountering an unconscious patient during an initial assessment, prioritizing airway management is crucial. When a patient is unconscious, their ability to maintain a clear airway is significantly compromised, which can lead to life-threatening conditions, including hypoxia or respiratory arrest. An unconscious individual is at a high risk of airway obstruction due to relaxation of the tongue and the absence of protective reflexes that typically prevent foreign materials from entering the airway. Therefore, the immediate action is to assess and manage the airway to ensure that the patient can breathe adequately. This typically involves positioning the patient appropriately, possibly using techniques like the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver or introducing adjuncts like oropharyngeal airways if necessary. After addressing the airway, further steps in the assessment can include checking for circulatory stability, ensuring privacy, and conducting neurological assessments, but these are secondary to ensuring that the airway is secure. An unobstructed airway is the most critical factor in supporting life, making it the priority when dealing with an unconscious patient.