West Coast EMT Block One Exam

What does "pericardiocentesis" refer to?

1. narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart

2. the removal of fluid from around the heart

3. a surgical opening made in the heart

4. surgical repair of the sac around the heart

The correct answer is: the removal of fluid from around the heart

Pericardiocentesis refers to the procedure in which fluid is removed from the pericardial space, the area surrounding the heart. This is typically performed when there is an accumulation of excess fluid, known as pericardial effusion, which can put pressure on the heart and hinder its ability to function properly, potentially leading to cardiac tamponade, a serious condition that can be life-threatening. In this procedure, a needle is inserted into the chest wall and guided into the pericardial space to aspirate the fluid. The removal of this fluid helps relieve pressure on the heart, restoring normal function and allowing for better hemodynamic stability. This intervention is critical in emergency situations where fluid accumulation is causing significant issues. Understanding what pericardiocentesis entails is essential for EMTs and other medical personnel, as they may encounter patients with conditions that necessitate this procedure. This knowledge helps in recognizing the signs and symptoms that indicate pericardial effusion and the need for immediate intervention.