West Coast EMT Block One Exam

What should be done first when a patient requires extrication from a vehicle?

1. Apply a cervical collar

2. Assess for any potential hazards

3. Begin CPR if necessary

4. Check for responsiveness

The correct answer is: Assess for any potential hazards

When extricating a patient from a vehicle, the first step should always be to assess for any potential hazards. This is crucial for ensuring the safety of both the patient and the responders. Before approaching the vehicle, EMTs must consider the surroundings, such as the potential for fire, the position of the vehicle (e.g., if it's on a busy road or an unstable surface), and any hazards that could lead to additional injuries during the extrication process. Taking a moment to evaluate the scene helps prevent further injury or complications. If there are imminent dangers, like leaking fuel or downed power lines, these must be mitigated before proceeding with patient care or extrication. This step sets the foundation for a safe and effective rescue operation, allowing responders to prioritize their actions accurately without putting themselves or the patient at unnecessary risk. While other options such as applying a cervical collar, checking for responsiveness, or beginning CPR are essential components of patient care, they should only follow the assessment of the surrounding environment to ensure the safety of everyone involved.